What are the brain structures termed that include longitudinal, lateral (Sylvian), and central (Rolandic)?

The brain structures referred to in the question—longitudinal, lateral (Sylvian), and central (Rolandic)—are indeed classified as fissures and sulci.

Fissures are deep grooves that divide the brain into different hemispheres or lobes, while sulci are shallower grooves found on the brain's surface that increase the surface area and accommodate more neurons. The longitudinal fissure separates the two cerebral hemispheres, the lateral sulcus (Sylvian fissure) separates the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal lobes, and the central sulcus (Rolandic fissure) separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe. These structures are integral to understanding the brain's anatomy and function, as they delineate significant areas involved in various neural processes and communications crucial for both movement and sensory functions.

The other options, such as gyri, represent the raised folds of the brain that lie between sulci and fissures; tracts refer to bundles of nerve fibers that connect different parts of the nervous system, and nodes commonly relate to points of communication or processing within networks, rather than specific structural features of the brain's surface. Thus, the classification of these specific brain structures as