Which of the following is NOT a part of a neuron?

The correct answer is based on the distinction between components that make up a neuron and those that facilitate communication between neurons. Dendrites, axons, and the cell body are all integral structures of a neuron.

Dendrites receive signals from other neurons, allowing for communication and information processing. The axon is responsible for transmitting these signals away from the neuron, while the cell body contains the nucleus and supports the metabolic needs of the neuron.

In contrast, a synapse is not part of a single neuron; it is the junction between two neurons where communication occurs. Synapses play a critical role in neural signaling because they allow neurons to connect and transmit signals to one another. Thus, the synapse is a critical element in neuronal communication but does not belong to the structure of an individual neuron itself. This distinction clarifies why synapse is the correct choice for the question regarding components that are not part of a neuron.